Why complex metal oxides? Products prepared from nano-scale complex metal oxides typically display enhanced physical, electrical, optical and mechanical properties, compared to single metal oxides. Complex metal oxides are in increasing demand in applications such as vehicle emission catalysts, industrial and petroleum catalysts, fuel cells, batteries, computer chips, electronics, electronic displays, etc. This is highlighted in the following press releases: • 22 March 2001, World News Press Release: “Honda has developed a breakthrough emissions control system….uses perovskites and other metal oxides, allowing for a 50 to 70 percent reduction in the use of precious metals such as platinum, palladium and rhodium”. • June 24, 1999, Mitsubishi Materials News Release: “Mitsubishi Materials Announces Breakthrough in Fuel Cells….new electrolyte material…. is a lanthanum gallate-type perovskite oxide”. • Siemens Westinghouse website: “Siemens Westinghouse expects to be in commercial production of solid oxide fuel cell power plants in 2004, taking orders as early as 2002”. • Syngas Alliance (composed of BP Amoco, Praxair, Sasol Technology and Statoil), February 17, 2000 Press Release: “The technology (perovskite ceramic membranes) provides a low-cost route to the manufacture of liquid fuels and chemicals from syngas derived from natural gas reserves”. • Motorola, 2 December 1999, Reuters: “Silicon could be redundant if perovskites have their way” • 1999 Motorola News Release: “ Motorola Labs has successfully built a working device that uses a class of perovskite materials never before used in a transistor. This represents the first fundamental change in the materials used to build transistors for the past 30 years”. • General Electric: “Industry analysts at Display Search estimate that the flat panel display market will grow exponentially over the next five years to approximately $70 billion by 2005”. • April 12, 2000, EBN article: “$2.9 billion worldwide lithium-ion battery market (excluding lithium-polymer)”. • TDK, 25 November 1998, Asian Technology Information Program: “TDK is producing 10,000,000 magneto-resistance head pieces per month but will increase to 16,000,000 pieces per month” ……”the hottest news in this field is the announcement of Colossal Magnetoresistance at room temperature in Perovskite (MoFeO)”.